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One of Thailand’s biggest attractions is the huge number of temples and
pagodas that may be found throughout the country. People continually
flock to these sacred places seeking spiritual enlightenment, serenity
of soul, or perhaps, a chance at feeling that enveloping assurance of
faith in a Higher Being and a better place for our souls.
Still, it will perhaps be good to be “enlightened” about the details and
symbols to be found in these temples and pagodas before supplicating
one’s self in search of the true “higher learning and enlightenment.”
Here are some common terms visitors to temples, wats, and Buddhist
shrines may expect to come across in their pilgrimage:
1. chedi (stupa)- a large bell-shaped tower that usually
contains five structural elements symbolizing the five layers from
bottom to top: earth, water, fire, wind, and void (space.) Relics of
Buddha or a Thai king are usually housed inside a chedi.
2. praang – a towering phallic
spire of Khmer origin serving the same religious purpose as the chedi.
(also written as prang)
3. wat – temple monastery
4. wihaan – the main sanctuary for
the temple’s Buddha sculpture and where lay people come to make their
offerings. Classic architecture usually has a three-tiered roofline
representing the three gems: Buddha (the teacher,) Dharma (the
teaching,) and Brotherhood (the followers.)
Images of Buddha
According to 3rd century Indian teachings, there are 32 rules which must
be followed in the depiction of Buddha in a sculpture. These include
elongated earlobes, no evidence of bone or muscle, arms that reach to
the knees, and a third eye. So you may ask, why are there many different
kinds of Buddhas? Why are some sitting, while some are reclining? Known
as “postures,” the pose of the image depicts periods in the life
of Buddha.
1. Reclining - the exact moment of Buddha’s enlightenment
2. Sitting – Buddha teaching
or meditating: If the right hand is pointed towards the earth, Buddha is
shown subduing the demons of desire. If the hands are folded in the lap,
Buddha is turning the wheel of law.
3. Standing – Buddha bestowing
blessings or taming evil forces.
4. Walking – Buddha after his
return to earth from heaven.
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